99 Women (1969)


The IMDB attaches Jess Franco’s name to eight different films in 1969, including Venus in Furs with James Darren and Klaus Kinski, The Castle of Fu Manchu with Christopher Lee, and The Girl from Rio with Shirley Eaton and George Sanders. He was a busy guy. That year his film 99 Women also saw release, a grindhouse staple and a seminal film in the disreputable women-in-prison genre. The poster read, “Whisper to your friends you saw it!” This was really just another Franco exploitation quickie, applied with just enough spit-polish: he could still attract B-list celebrities to move tickets, and the built-in salaciousness of the subject matter did most of the advertising for him. Ninety-nine desperate women behind bars doing depraved acts! A sadistic female warden! The fat local governor who forces these women to submit to his lusts! A dangerous escape through an island jungle! 99 Women is like a sleazy pulp paperback come to life, delivering all the sadism and sex that the cover art advertised – and if that weren’t enough for you, it’s available in a hardcore version; just head around back.

Prison director Diaz (Mercedes McCambridge) shows her potential replacement, Caroll (Maria Schell), "The Hole," where certain prisoners are held in isolation.

Here the marquee names include Mercedes McCambridge (of Giant and Johnny Guitar, and the future voice of Pazuzu), Maria Schell (White Nights), Herbert Lom (Mysterious Island, The Phantom of the Opera), and Luciana Paluzzi (Thunderball). I love all these actors, and have a particular obsession with Paluzzi, so this is a film I’ve always wanted to see. Imagine my disappointment to find out that she’s killed off in the first fifteen minutes; she lives just long enough to cash her paycheck. It’s just as well; I’d prefer to remember her as Fiona Volpe, and spare her the rest of Franco’s litany of indignities. But poor Herbert Lom – a man who once was in Spartacus – now reduced to playing serial rapist Governor Santos, and given an unconvincing double for ugly sex scenes in the X-rated version. McCambridge and Schell come off a bit better; McCambridge playing the sadistic Thelma Diaz, director of the women’s prison in a Spanish island castle called the Castillo de la Muerte, and Schell playing Leonie Caroll, sent on orders of the Justice Minister to inspect the prison – given the number of recent deaths – and potentially replace Diaz. Schell’s character appears to be the more compassionate, though Diaz and even the prisoners question her motives: maybe she just wants to sleep with the blonde girl in whom she’s shown so much interest. That girl is Marie (Austrian actress Maria Rohm, of Franco’s The Blood of Fu Manchu), whom Caroll rescues from a weeklong stay in “The Hole” when she first arrives on the island. The girls are usually just referenced by their number, and Marie is prisoner #99.

The beautiful Rosalba Neri as Zoe, Prisoner #76.

One of the prisoners, the redheaded Rosalie (Valentina Godoy, The Girl from Rio) hatches an escape plan with Juan, her lover from the male penitentiary, and joining her are Marie and a headstrong prostitute named Helga (Elisa Montés, Return of the Seven). When they arrive at the arranged place in the jungle, Rosalie learns from a different convict, Ricardo, that Juan has been killed in the escape. She sleeps with this stand-in anyway. As we more or less expect, the escape is doomed to failure: male prisoners being marched through the jungle catch a glimpse of the girls and riot, killing their guards and chasing the female prisoners through the trees. One girl is raped, and the other two make it to the boats, only to be met by a grinning Governor Santos. The old director, Diaz, is sent away, and Caroll replaces her – but learns that she can’t change the sadistic nature of the prison system when Diaz explains that the law requires the two escapees to be chained and whipped. Throughout 99 Women, there are brief glimpses of “good Franco.” The opening titles feature a rousing gospel-styled number called “The Day I Was Born” (sung by an anonymous vocalist), promising a film more swinging and lively than what we get. Franco stirs from his sleep in a flashback sequence illustrating the sordid history of one of the prisoners, Zoe (Rosalba Neri, Lady Frankenstein), a dream-like montage complete with candelabras, black lingerie, the staring faces of strangers at a nightclub while Zoe dances with her partner and indifferently smokes a cigarette, and the interruption of a gunshot, all to a lush and loungey score by Bruno Nicolai. (Sample dialogue: “One night I met a man. I was crazy for him. I didn’t know she was watching me.” Perfect.) The better Franco films can sustain this hypnotic mood and style for the entire running time. But 99 Women is really just one of those yellow paperbacks on the revolving rack; if you’re actually tempted to read it, you’ll get what you asked for.

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I Drink Your Blood (1970)

David E. Durston’s I Drink Your Blood (1970) is notorious for being the first film to be rated X for its violence rather than its sexual content (although, this being an exploitation film, it has plenty of both). It’s also notorious for being part of a popular double-bill with I Eat Your Skin, which was actually a film called Zombies from 1964; distributor Jerry Gross of Cinemation Industries was on a gastronomic kick, apparently. That double feature seems particularly out-of-whack when you consider that 1964 is an eternity away from 1970. The dramatic political and social unrest of 1968 stood between, as well as two groundbreaking, edgy horror films from that year that helped redefine the parameters of the genre: Rosemary’s Baby and Night of the Living Dead. I Drink Your Blood has a little of both in its bloodstream, mixed with an infection of the rabies virus and frothing at the mouth. At least, that’s what happens to the sadistic members of the mini-cult S.A.D.O.S. (Sons and Daughters of Satan). As Manson-esque leader Horace Bones (Indian-born actor Bhaskar Roy Chowdhury, with a voice like Ricardo Montalban’s) tells his followers: “Let it be known, son and daughters, that Satan was an acid head. Drink from his cup, pledge yourselves, and together we’ll all freak out!”

The Sons and Daughters of Satan prepare to torment the small town of Valley Hills.

The film opens with the evil hippies enacting a Satanic ritual in the woods, slitting the throat of a (real) chicken and dripping its blood on their naked bodies. When Sylvia (Iris Brooks) is caught spying on the proceedings, she’s gang-raped, though the film – or at least this cut of it – spares us the details; come the morning, she’s wandering out of the woods, in a daze. The gang rides into town, then abandons their colorfully painted vehicle, frivolously, by pushing it off a steep ravine while one of their members is napping inside (afterward, he’s not amused). Discovering that the town is mostly abandoned, populated by construction workers building a dam, the members of S.A.D.O.S. settle into an empty hotel by rounding up its numerous rats and roasting them for dinner in a big rat-kabob. When adolescent Pete (Riley Mills) and his grandfather (Richard Bowler) stumble across the vagrants, Gramps is roughed-up and dosed with LSD. Pete invents a novel revenge. After blasting a rabid dog with a shotgun, he draws the rabies-infected blood into a syringe, then spikes his mother’s meat pies fresh out of the oven, to be served up to the cultists for breakfast. His mother, Mildred (Elizabeth Marner-Brooks), says glowingly, “We’ll make a baker out of you yet, Pete.” The boy replies, grimly: “No, I’m going to be a veterinarian.” We watch while the gang gobbles up their pies, replete with close-ups of their mouths and the amplified noises of chewing and swallowing, something guaranteed to be repulsive even without the knowledge of the pies’ secret ingredient. It should take at least a few weeks before symptoms appear, but this is a horror film, so we don’t have the time for that. Within a few hours the cultists are sweating and convulsing, and one of their members, Rollo (George Patterson), plunges into a homicidal psychosis, stabbing one man through the chest with a knife before picking up an axe and chasing the others around the hotel. As Gramps says, “What bothers me is that this hippie group is on hard drugs. Coupled with the rabies virus, it could cause unspeakable complications.”

Pete Banner (Riley Mills) takes a sample of rabies-infected blood.

LSD aside, writer/director Durston has a peculiar interpretation of the effect of rabies on humans. Becoming mad dogs, the cultists ooze white foam at the mouth (looking a bit like consumers of The Stuff, come to think of it). Even though a careful distinction is made between getting rabies and getting rabies while on drugs, by the time we arrive at the last leg of the film, any close-contact with the rabid cultists seems to be enough to turn someone frothing and homicidal, so that the disease spreads as quickly as a Romero-scale zombie invasion, and all of Valley Hills is quickly overrun. (The catalyst is one of the more promiscuous members of S.A.D.O.S., who spreads the virus after offering herself up for sex with the construction workers.) Then there’s the matter of “hydrophobia.” Those who contract rabies experience spasms and extreme pain when attempting to swallow water, thus rabies is sometimes referred to by this term. I Drink Your Blood takes hydrophobia literally, to the point that water becomes the crucifix/garlic/silver bullet to the rabid townsfolk. In one ludicrous scene, a rabid mob chases some police officers to a river, where the frantic police stoop over and start splashing the water at their pursuers, who recoil like vampires. Mind you, this is the kind of splashing that one would associate with a summertime water-park frolic – and not what you would expect as a suspense setpiece in the world’s first film to be rated X for violence. Having taken a few steps down this slippery slope, Durston finally gives us what we deserve: Mildred fighting off the madmen by spraying a hose in their faces.

A delirious Rollo (George Patterson) turns an axe on his fellow Satanists, Sue-Lin (Jadin Wong) and the sword-wielding Horace Bones (Bhaskar Roy Chowdhury).

The film does, however, feature a handful of disturbing scenes that point the way toward superior and black-as-pitch horror films to come, including The Last House on the Left (1972) and The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974). The Manson Family-inspired cult, with its arrogance and streaks of sadism, is occasionally unnerving, as is the film’s one brief rape scene – in which a female cultist is dragged by a thug into a shower while she’s still convulsing from the rabies. But it’s the Mondo-style use of real animals that invariably gets under my skin. The rat-kabob and chicken-killing scenes are graphic and unsettling, and in the climax, one of the rabid killers is dragging the real and bloody corpse of a goat behind him. (According to the director, only the chicken was killed for the camera. Still…) The killings themselves are too unconvincing to have much of an effect – there’s a very fake-looking severed head being swung about in the climax – but I strongly suspect that the X rating was leveled due to the shot of a pregnant cultist stabbing herself in her round belly. It’s just another retractable knife, just more fake blood, but the idea is surely enough for the MPAA to break out the X and for I Drink Your Blood to be included in the clip show that the self-appointed moral guardian of the U.K., Mary Whitehouse, presented to a 1983 conference of Conservative members of Parliament (which ultimately led to the drafting of the “Video Nasty” list of banned films). Adding to the film’s disturbing atmosphere is an effective score by Clay Pitts (Female Animal), which uses ear-piercing, siren-like noises before and during scenes of violence. I Drink Your Blood is too clumsy, too goofy to be a completely effective horror film. (I haven’t mentioned Horace’s pirate sword, or the fact that their gang includes a Tarot-reading, middle-aged Chinese woman, for some reason.) But given that Durston was handed the assignment to make a film like Night of the Living Dead, he can take comfort that he essentially beat Romero to The Crazies (1973). I prefer The Crazies.

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Coffy (1973)

Coffy (1973) was just supposed to be an American International Pictures quickie rushed to production to beat to the finish line the bigger budgeted Warner Bros. film Cleopatra Jones (1973). Nothing more. AIP executive Larry Gordon (who originally had the rights to Cleopatra Jones before losing them to Warners) had little confidence in the film’s director, Jack Hill, and on the commentary track for Coffy, Hill recounts many instances of studio second-guessing, to the point of being pushed out of the editor’s room so that he didn’t see the finished product until its premiere. But Hill – who had directed one of the most original horror films of the 60’s, Spider Baby (1968) – knew what he was doing, and was confident that his secret weapon was his star. He was so enamored by Pam Grier’s talents that he not only gave her a significant role (as “Grear”) in their first film together, The Big Doll House (1971), but let her sing the theme song (“Long Time Woman,” later used by Tarantino in Jackie Brown). Coffy would be their third collaboration, their first shot somewhere other than the Philippines, and the one that made Pam Grier an icon for both the feminist and the Black Power movements. Call her the n-word and you pay the price – violently. The film sports a sublime funk theme song by Roy “Don’t Stop the Feeling” Ayers, who was given an Isaac Hayes-like carte blanche to supervise the film’s score: “Coffy is the color of her skin,” Ayers purrs, underlining the inspiration for the film’s title, a quote Hill took from a black actress who had once auditioned for him. The film is all black-is-beautiful but it also seethes: against drug-pushers on the street (shotgun to the head), against racists (pistol hidden in a teddy bear), against a black politician who not only sold out his beliefs but cheated on Coffy with a white woman (shotgun to the crotch). Coffy did what it was supposed to – beat the Warners film to theaters by a month, and became a high-grossing sleeper hit – but it also did something no one could have predicted: it seared itself into the public consciousness.

Pam Grier as Coffy, going undercover to infiltrate a criminal underworld.

Grier has said she was playing her mother, Gwendolyn Samuels, who, like Coffy, was a socially conscious nurse who used her talents to help those in need in her blighted neighborhood. What her mother didn’t do was turn vigilante, something Coffy offers in the kind of wonderful wish-fulfillment that exploitation movies can provide. In the opening scenes, Coffy seems to be a drug-sedated “piece of tail” on the platter to be served up to a drug-dealer. Then she whips out the shotgun and asks him to remember what happened to her sister, one of the dealer’s many casualties. Hill shows the back of the pusher’s head as the buckshot blows a hole through it. After this, she shoves a needle full of heroin into the dead man’s lackey to deliver a dose that could kill him: “Maybe it will or maybe it won’t, but if it do you’re gonna fly through the Pearly Gates with the biggest fucking smile St. Peter ever seen!” Early scenes show Coffy at work in the hospital, talking with her friend, an idealistic cop (William Elliott, Night of the Lepus), or in bed with her lover Howard Brunswick (Booker Bradshaw, Skullduggery), who’s running for Congress, but increasingly she’s drawn into a world of violence, as she decides to go undercover as a Jamaican hustler to bust up a gang led by a sadistic drug lord named Vitroni (Allan Arbus, ex-husband of photographer Diane Arbus). To secure her reputation, she sleeps with a pimp named King George (a fantastic Robert DoQui, later of Robocop), which incurs the wrath of his jealous hookers. In what is surely the greatest cat-fight in screen history, Coffy takes on each of the girls at King George’s party, throwing them through tables of food, dunking them in guacamole and ripping off their tops. When her chief rival (Linda Haynes, Rolling Thunder) seizes hold of Coffy’s head, she quickly lets go with blood running between her fingers and down her wrists: Coffy has hidden razor blades in her afro.

King George (Robert DoQui) is taken for a ride by two of his boss's henchmen (Ray Young and Sid Haig).

The cat-fight scene is typical Jack Hill: outrageous, commercially-minded exploitation (every few seconds, more nudity arrives) that’s also hilarious, and geared to evoke a burst of audience applause when it’s all over. Grier loved this trashy playground and took none of it seriously. Regarding this fight scene, she told the Film Society of Lincoln Center earlier this year: “When I had a malfunction with a spaghetti strap, and it broke, and it showed my nipple, it changed the whole evolution of film. Just one little nipple. But I was into my craft and I wasn’t going to fix my strap while I was trying to kill someone… I had to drink after this, after Anne Hathaway had to apologize for her nipples showing through the dress at [the] red carpet. Are you kidding me, are we six years old? Why should she apologize for her nipples? I thought I had opened a door for her and everybody!” Jack Hill’s own DeNiro, Sid Haig (Spider Baby, The Big Bird Cage), is a standout as Omar, an Armenian bodyguard for Vitroni, managing to make the character simultaneously charismatic, funny (what he wears while sunbathing is particularly memorable), and loathsome. He dominates a particularly chilling scene in which he delivers some nasty payback to King George. Like any good revenge picture, Coffy sets up characters you can really despise so you relish their bloody comeuppance when it finally arrives; and Haig gets a fitting death. As for Vitroni, after (literally) spitting some hateful racist dialogue at Coffy, he thwarts her assassination attempt and we’re robbed of early satisfaction. This only makes his final, pathetic end – in Roy Rogers’ swimming pool, no less – all the sweeter.

Coffy sees it through.

As in so many political thrillers of the 70’s, following the conspiracy trail finally leads back home, and Coffy learns that her politician boyfriend has been corrupted by Vitroni’s drug money. (Not only this, but he casually signs off on her murder.) Her final confrontation with Brunswick is a revenge-movie classic, in which Coffy, confronted with the monster her man has become, breaks down into tears, before finding good cause – in the form of a blonde, topless mistress – to follow through on her mission. Grier is fantastic in this scene, presenting her character as vulnerable and human (and woman); before ultimately proving to be the toughest and strongest of everyone – the last one standing. The final shot, while the credits roll, is Coffy walking down a beach at night, while the lyrics of Ayers’ “Shining Symbol” spell it all out for us, in case we somehow missed the point: “Revenge is a virtue/you stood up like you should/standing up strong/like we all wish we could/you’re a shining symbol, a shining symbol, a shining symbol/of Black Pride.”

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