The Astrologer (1975)

Astrologer

The Astrologer (1975) comes to us from the mind (and Id) of the late Craig Denney, the film’s director and star, who looks like a cross between Matt Damon and Matt Berry – the British comedian and musician who appeared in The IT Crowd, Snuff Box, and Garth Marenghi’s Darkplace. For a brief moment in the middle of The Astrologer, as I was beginning to lose all sense of reality, I began to wonder if this “film” was, somehow, all an elaborate con of Berry’s, and that this would turn out to be another installment of the faux-retro Darkplace. But no – there is something sweaty, sunburned, coke-addled, and altogether far too authentic in every jarring editing choice, every loving shot of Denney’s untoned, shirtless body, and the film’s unique, personal point-of-view. This is an indelible portrait of the duplicity of women, the corruption of fame, the dangers of jewel-smuggling, and, most of all, the importance of astrology, as filtered through Denney’s peculiar imagination. It is semi-autobiographical, supposedly. Like Tommy Wiseau and The Room (2003), Denney had the money and the means to film his own personal vision – just not the talent to execute nor the clarity to see what he was actually creating. It is no exaggeration to say that The Astrologer is The Room of 1975, even if this doesn’t precisely capture just how weird the movie is. And original. But the world wasn’t quite ready for The Astrologer, which played briefly in Australia, then resurfaced on the CBS Late Movie in June of 1980 before vanishing entirely.

Director Craig Denney as Alexander, the Astrologer.

Director Craig Denney as Alexander, the Astrologer.

I learn these facts from actor and Astrologer fan Pat Healy (The Innkeepers, Cheap Thrills), who introduced the screening at the 2015 Wisconsin Film Festival. The obscurity has recently received a 2K digital restoration from the American Genre Film Archive, and played last year’s Fantastic Fest in Austin, where Healy first viewed it. He describes The Astrologer as “Indiana Jones meets The Jerk meets some schizophrenic guy on crack telling you his life story.” Denney plays Alexander, a self-described mystic at a carnival attraction (his trailer with “Alexander” painted on the side of it) whose talents largely derive from picking the pockets of his marks. His elaborate astrologer garb includes a red scarf on his head, a tan tee-shirt, and blue jeans. He falls for one of his marks, Darrien (Darrien Earle), and insists on refunding her money because he wants to marry her. She acquiesces quickly. “I think I’m going to enjoy this,” she enthuses. “I’ve never lived in a trailer before, but…” Soon they’re hobnobbing with an oil baron and his wife, Boyd and Rita, in a sequence that consists entirely of close-ups of hands and overdubbed voices. Abruptly, we are in Kenya. Alexander has been arrested for diamond smuggling on behalf of his oil baron patron. At the end of a line of shirtless, strapping African prisoners is the short, schlubby, and equally shirtless Alexander, his thumbs proudly hooked behind his belt buckle. A note: Denney is always smiling in this film. It is a wise, knowing, contented smile. The film, says the smile, is going according to plan. It is a serene smile.

Alexander, in the African jungle, loses Rita in some quicksand.

Alexander, in the African jungle, loses Rita in some quicksand.

In this case, Alexander is smiling because he knows his wealthy patron will get him sprung – and sprung he soon is. He travels with Boyd and Rita deep into the jungle to find a legendary ruby. Boyd is bitten by a deadly cobra and…let me explain the jungle. The jungle is mostly a wall covered in ivy. During this African sequence, one often gets the impression that the actors are walking through the shrubbery just off the path at a local zoo. When Alexander is later traveling with a widowed Rita, he points out quicksand, but we don’t see it at first. The camera is afraid to look. But soon Rita is swallowed by it, and we get a gratifying image of her hand disappearing into quicksand (albeit free of continuity, like the rest of the movie). The scenery at last opens up when Alexander takes a schooner out to sea, which becomes a music video for The Moody Blues’ “Tuesday Afternoon.” Superimposed over shots of Alexander gazing out at the sunlit waters are a few months’ worth of calendar dates flying at the viewer. The rights weren’t cleared with the record label, but nonetheless the ending credits proclaim, “Music by The Moody Blues.” We’ll also hear Elvis Presley’s “It’s Only Make Believe” and Procol Harum’s “A Whiter Shade of Pale,” among others, but no one crafts a musical montage like Craig Denney. Tommy Edwards’ romantic “It’s All in the Game” accompanies a tour of a men’s urinal shot through a fish-eye lens, juxtaposing the erotic art on the walls with middle-aged prostitutes flashing the camera. Meanwhile, Alexander has murdered one man in Africa, witnesses another murder in Tahiti, and returns to the United States rich with jewel-smuggling cash. His astrologer’s skills become so renowned that soon the U.S. Navy is knocking on his door, and someone known only as “The Admiral” enlists Alexander’s skills to keep ships from sinking in the Bermuda Triangle. Alexander’s explanation for the shipwrecks consists of lots of stock footage of submarines while he describes complex astrological arrangements, most of them involving Uranus.

Arthyr Chadbourne as Alexander's confidante, Arthyr.

Arthyr Chadbourne as Alexander’s confidante, Arthyr.

This last section of the film takes us through Alexander’s meteoric rise to fame as America’s preeminent astrologer, where his every move makes headlines. He creates a film called The Astrologer and attends the premiere, smiling at the screen, smiling at his performance (making love to a beautiful topless woman), smiling like he knows something we don’t. He rescues Darrien, who has descended into prostitution and is found sprawled on a bed with a rat on the windowsill, a mountain of crushed beer cans on the floor, and a bedside mirror with the following written neatly in lipstick: “God is dead,” “Hell on Earth,” “Shit on life.” His reunion with Darrien is short-lived, and their marriage is terminated following a slow-motion argument at a restaurant. A spinning newspaper announces that the Astrologer has signed for divorce. But this doesn’t stop him from strangling his wife in her lover’s bed, after shooting said lover through the window. The Admiral bails him out, for Alexander’s work is important. But Alexander has become a monster. After excoriating and then firing an actress, he chortles to his best friend Arthyr (Arthyr Chadbourne), “Now that’s how you treat actresses. They’re like hamburger meat. You buy them by the pound.” As his career begins to crumble, even Arthyr turns on him: “You’re not an astrologer. You’re an asshole!” This occurs during a rant in which the faces of those Alexander has wronged pass before him – including Arthyr’s face, even though Arthyr is sitting right there. The final image of the film is a quote from Shakespeare’s King Lear, of course:

Astrologer

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Chimes at Midnight (1965)

Chimes at Midnight

Chimes at Midnight, aka Falstaff (1965), is one of the last films Orson Welles would complete as director. What would follow was the TV film The Immortal Story (1966) and the mischievous documentary F for Fake (1973), along with many reels of footage for uncompleted projects: Don Quixote, The Deep, and The Other Side of the Wind. Chimes at Midnight not only has the feel of a passion project but a last hurrah, a great, indulgent, drunken feast while the wolves are at the door. Even though Welles never stopped working up until his death in 1985, this film feels like a swan song, the work of a great auteur who fears it might be the last film he ever gets to make. Which makes sense: increasingly, his films were taking years to complete, and they were largely independent productions that he made by the skin of his teeth. Chimes at Midnight took two years to shoot, as Welles struggled to find financing. But the film doesn’t look cobbled together. It is of a piece, mournful, joyous, and mad. As Falstaff (Welles) wanders slowly into the frame with his senile companion Shallow (Alan Webb, The Taming of the Shrew), he says with a sad smile, “We have heard the chimes at midnight, Master Robert Shallow.” Shallow replies, over and over, “Jesus, the days that we have seen!” The moment is drawn from Henry IV, Part 2, but Welles uses it as his film’s prologue. This is a film about a life fully lived drawing to a close. Welles saw himself in Falstaff, and felt he was destined to play the character – and so he did, time and again, for the stage: first in a Broadway play, Five Kings (1939), restructuring five Shakespeare plays to make Falstaff the central character, and later in a reworking called Chimes at Midnight (1960). The 1965 film adaptation of his play finds a Welles who had come, over his indulgent life, to physically resemble Falstaff. He was Falstaff, and no better Falstaff has graced the cinema. The chimes at midnight were ringing for Welles’ career as a filmmaker, and just before the opening titles his bearded face fills the screen, and he grins those chimes down.

Fernando Rey as the Earl of Worcester, in the halls of Henry IV.

Fernando Rey as the Earl of Worcester, in the halls of Henry IV.

Chimes at Midnight has long been regarded as one of the director’s finest achievements, but thanks to some rights entanglements it’s been difficult to see except for bootleg copies or YouTube. A new restoration of the film was screened April 11 at the Wisconsin Film Festival in honor of the director’s 100th birthday, and as it circulates through other film festivals, word is that it will be headed to Blu-Ray soon for the U.S. (it’s already been announced for a U.K. release on Blu-Ray this summer). I look forward to the release, mainly because I want to watch the film with subtitles. Chimes at Midnight has a muddy, dubbed soundtrack (the film was shot in Spain with some Spanish actors, including the great Fernando Rey), which is the only evident sign of its seat-of-the-pants production. In Roger Ebert’s four-star review from 1968, he wrote of the sound issues: “Welles saved money but sometimes lost clarity.” Therefore, a familiarity with Shakespeare (in particular Henry IV Parts 1 & 2) will help the viewing experience, because much of the time you’ll have a difficult time making out the dialogue. But if you can get past the often murky audio, the plot is still simple enough to follow, and Welles’ visual talents are undiminished. After slaying Richard II, Henry IV (Sir John Gielgud, Julius Caesar) takes the throne and refuses to liberate the true heir, Mortimer, held captive in Wales. Mortimer’s cousins (Rey, Norman Rodway, and José Nieto) plot a rebellion, while Prince Hal (Keith Baxter) – the future Henry V – spends all his time with John Falstaff and his hard-drinking company of rogues and prostitutes (including Jeanne Moreau). Chimes at Midnight is a tale of two worlds: the royals and the paupers, the latter often parodying the former, such as in a memorable sequence when Falstaff impersonates Henry IV with a mock court and a pot for a crown. But inevitably Prince Hal must be drawn back to his responsibilities, at the tragic expense of his portly mentor.

Falstaff (Orson Welles) impersonates the King for the amusement of Prince Hal (Keith Baxter).

Falstaff (Orson Welles) impersonates the King for the amusement of Prince Hal (Keith Baxter).

The centerpiece of Chimes is a battle sequence which was one of the most spectacular ever shot, to rival Olivier’s Henry V (1944), but grittier, and more realistic and brutal. Welles first shows us the knights, in their awkward suits of armor, being lowered onto horses by pulleys strung over trees. Falstaff, who in full armor looks like a cannonball with legs, is too heavy to be lifted onto his horse, and is dropped unceremoniously to the ground. (The horse should be grateful.) He spends the rest of the battle scurrying through the bushes while the rest of the men do the real fighting. Welles begins with charging horses and riders being lanced into the air, but by the ignoble end, warriors are splayed in the mud, clubbing each other (or their horses) senseless. After Hal slays his rival Hotspur, Falstaff drags the body to the king and attempts to take credit, so he might profit with a title. Despite behavior like this, it stings when Hal finally assumes the throne and rebukes Falstaff before his court, closing their friendship with abrupt humiliation. This is the key moment of Chimes, its heart and purpose. Like Tom Stoppard’s play Rosencratz and Guildenstern are Dead (1966), Welles is inverting Shakespeare to spotlight the characters in the shadows, a smaller tragedy occurring within the Tragedy. But whereas Stoppard relies on wordplay and wit, Welles emphasizes visual design to make his points. The powerful are depicted as towering giants, the camera low to the ground, rays of heavenly sunlight occasionally framing them. Others he dwarfs with his camera. This occurs in an earlier scene in which Hotspur fumes helplessly before Worcester (Hotspur looks two feet tall), and it is echoed again in the pivotal moment in which Falstaff appears before Henry V, no longer Prince Hal. Before, Falstaff seemed large enough to fill the room, but now Hal towers above him, and turns his back on him. Falstaff the mountain has now just become a bump in the road, and Hal drives right over him. But Chimes celebrates what he was, warts and all, and if it is Falstaff’s epilogue, it might act as a fitting one for Welles, too: extravagant, delirious, flawed, spectacular.

Chimes at Midnight

 

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The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920)

The Cabinet of Dr Caligari

Robert Wiene’s The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) is one of those rare films whose stamp has marked so much of horror, fantasy, and film noir that it hardly seems to have existed in the first place. Therefore it seems appropriate that the film is a dream within a dream. It arrives out of the fog, and by the end of the film its story has slipped back into it. You can’t quite get your fingers on Dr. Caligari, like some archetype that’s been passed on through the primeval – like Caligari himself, a figure who, we are told, was a murderous mystic from the 18th century, and who has been reborn thanks to a modern doctor at an insane asylum who wishes to resurrect Caligari’s experiments in mind controlling a somnambulist. Wiene’s nightmare of a film is framed as a story told by an inmate at that asylum, and he’s an unreliable narrator, to say the least. His tale is visualized as a funhouse of the psyche: painted shadows mark the floors, casting unnatural, angular shapes; walls and doorways are crooked, like the art of a schizophrenic; black makeup draws exaggerated lines upon the faces of the actors; and the entire village of Holstenwall is a hill of homes leaning against each other like a cat arcing its body in fright. The Expressionist method of making the psychological real – and the real nowhere in sight – would continue and flourish for a brief, wonderful period in German film, particularly in the cinema of F.W. Murnau (Nosferatu) and Fritz Lang (Metropolis). But Caligari opened the slanted door and let all the lunatics out to dance.

Cabinet of Dr Caligari

Dr. Caligari (Werner Krauss) seeks permission to display his somnambulist in the village fair.

Could a hypnotized man do something against his constitution? Would a sleepwalker, who has been asleep his entire life, commit murder through the domineering will of another? Caligari (Werner Krauss, Waxworks) intends to prove the theory by utilizing the sleeping Cesare (Conrad Veidt, The Man Who Laughs), whom he keeps in a coffin-like “cabinet.” Setting up at the local fair in Holstenwall, he makes the outlandish claim to the spectators that Cesare’s endless sleep has given him the gift of foresight. When young Alan (Hans Heinrich von Twardowski) asks Cesare how long he has to live, the chilling response is “Till the break of dawn!” That night, he’s brutally stabbed in his bedroom. (We only see the shadow of the assassin, holding a knife as drawn and sharp as all the other shadows in the film.) It is the second murder in two nights. Alan’s friend Francis (Friedrich Feher) investigates the crime, certain that Cesare committed it under Caligari’s influence. But Cesare appears to never leave his cabinet, and when the police arrest a sociopath with a knife in hand, the case is ready to be closed. Under interrogation, the criminal claims he was only imitating the recent murders so that his own crime of passion would be blamed on the serial killer. When the police raid Caligari’s cabinet, they find he’s been storing a mannequin inside while Cesare stalks the night with a knife in hand. Caligari is chased to the insane asylum, where they discover he’s the asylum’s director, taking the pseudonym “Dr. Caligari” to recreate the experiments of the Caligari and Cesare who came before.

Caligari runs from the police through the village of Holstenwall.

Caligari runs from the police through the village of Holstenwall.

Back in the framing story, Francis – just another inmate – brings us into the asylum hall to prove that his story is true. And there is Cesare, pacing back and forth with a flower in his hand; there is Jane (Lil Dagover), Francis’s lover, who believes she’s a queen; and there is Caligari, who looks, for once, “normal.” Yet the set is not. The asylum remains a bizarre sight, as though the inmates had designed it themselves. The interstitial cards are still written in a stylized font upon abstract shapes. If you can’t shake the feeling that it’s all still a dream, that’s because it surely is – except, unlike The Wizard of Oz, there’s no safe settling back onto the firm ground. The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari spins madly off on a raving laugh. It also sets the stage for so much that’s to come: not just more German Expressionism, but all those who have been influenced by it, from 40’s noir to Suspiria horror to Tim Burton fantasy (who modeled Edward Scissorhands on Cesare). Yet when watching Caligari on the big screen as part of the 2015 Wisconsin Film Festival, in a restored print from Kino, I noticed for the first time that so much of the famous painted sets are actually massive drop cloths, draped over everything to create its surreal world. There are wrinkles in the sky, and the ground sometimes shifts under the actors’ feet. The film seems that much more theatrical, and perhaps a bit thrown-together, but simultaneously it has become even more dream-like, with the realization that at any moment Dr. Caligari might sink straight through the pillowy ground to God knows where. The aether.

Cabinet of Dr Caligari

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