Starchaser: The Legend of Orin (1985)

Starchaser

When I first watched Starchaser: The Legend of Orin (1985) on VHS sometime in the late 80’s or early 90’s, I thought it was going to be an anime. This was born from experience as a young video store patron: most science fiction animated films that I’d never heard of before turned out to be Japanese. I had mixed feelings on the prospect. On the one hand, the sex and violence in anime were edgier than in American fare, and as R-rated rentals were out of the question, I was on the make. But the tapes were always badly dubbed and the plots sometimes incoherent (often hacked down from a longer, complex series into a single feature). So here was a film that was new to me, with a character on the cover art (villain Zygon) who looked manga-esque, and a PG rating instead of the standard Disney G. It had to be Japanese. Lo and behold, the film was American. Characters swore and shot holes in each other. How had this escaped my notice for so long? I’d certainly heard nothing of its theatrical release, as I would have dragged my father: I made him take me to He-Man and She-Ra: Secret of the Sword the year Starchaser came out; this was a higher quality product and right up my alley. He-Man and She-Ra offered free comic books at screenings, but Starchaser was in glorious 3-D! I liked Starchaser well enough to dub myself a copy using the VCR-to-VCR method, and I watched it religiously for a few years, scratching that SF animation itch. So how does the movie hold up decades later?

A Man-Droid traps Orin.

A Man-Droid traps Orin.

Not so great, but, you know – nostalgia will make so much endurable. The plot is perfect cardboard. Orin (Joe Colligan) is one of many slaves in a vast mine, digging for valuable crystals without ever glimpsing the sun while worshiping a Darth Vader/Thulsa Doom/Zardoz being named Zygon (Anthony De Longis), who greets them from what looks like the Temple of Doom set. One day Orin discovers a sword in the rocks, which beams out a hologram image of a Moses-like figure promising a fabulous world above to which the slaves can escape. The sword’s blade disappears, leaving only a golden hilt. When Zygon discovers Orin has this mystic artifact, he tries to take it (after physically strangling Orin’s girlfriend to death), but Orin evades Zygon’s robot guards and digs his way to the surface using his laser drill. In the film’s most striking sequence, Orin journeys through an eerie alien swamp reminiscent of René Laloux (Fantastic Planet) before encountering horrific Man-Droids, who capture Orin and threaten to dismember him so they can appropriate his parts into their mangled bodies: Heavy Metal meets The Texas Chain Saw Massacre. But the hilt still contains an invisible blade, on which the Man-Droids accidentally skewer themselves. Orin takes his magic sword and runs, rescued by cigar-chomping space smuggler Dagg Dibrimi (Carmen Argenziano), who differentiates himself from Han Solo by smoking a cigar and calling himself Dagg Dibrimi.

Aviana discovers Orin's unconscious body.

Aviana discovers Orin’s unconscious body.

You could write the rest yourself. Orin joins Dagg’s ship, the Starchaser, along with mismatched, bickering allies who join them along the way: a Tinkerbell-like ball of light called a Starfly; the ship’s prissy A.I., Arthur (Les Tremayne); a rich girl named Aviana (Noelle North) and her robot bodyguard; and, most disconcertingly, Silica (Tyke Caravelli), a “Fembot” who lusts for Dagg after he reprograms her via the derriere. Eventually Orin finds his way back to the underground mines to kill Zygon and liberate the slaves. Everything here feels like it came from some other movie, but obviously Star Wars is the dominant influence. The Imperial March seems about to break out every time Zygon makes an appearance, and Orin’s magic sword, with its invisible blade, is an ersatz lightsaber, cutting through steel doors and deflecting blasters. When Orin finally learns that he didn’t need the hilt because the blade was projected from inside himself, he laments that it was so simple he couldn’t see it – but the viewing audience, well familiar with the Force, certainly could see it coming.

Zygon seizes the magic sword.

Zygon seizes the magic sword.

Hand-drawn animated films take time, so perhaps it’s not Starchaser‘s fault that it feels a bit late: late to 3-D (the 80’s 3-D boom was on the wane), late to the Star Wars bandwagon (the original trilogy had ended, and anyway Roger Corman had already oversaturated the market with B-movie rip-offs), and even late to adult-oriented American animation following Ralph Bakshi and Heavy Metal, both of which seem to have partly inspired this film. If the movie were more adult – say, a PG-13 at least – it might have been more interesting, but undoubtedly it’s a movie that will be enjoyed the most by indiscriminate kids, such as the younger me. Though the plot is unimaginative and the synth-driven score sounds cheap, the film is worthwhile if only for its animation, which integrates computer rendering rather smoothly with traditional methods. (How this all looked in 3-D, I have no idea, though I’d imagine it enhanced the experience.) Director Steven Hahn was an animation veteran, having worked on some of Bakshi’s films as well as the Droids Saturday morning series, which I also enjoyed as a kid. With Starchaser, ambitions were clearly high, and some of the action scenes and character moments are handled well, but on the whole this is one of those 80’s animation oddities, alongside the likes of Rock & Rule (1983): not quite a cult classic, but strange enough to stick in the memory.

Starchaser

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Fantastic Planet (1973)

Fantastic Planet

Fantastic Planet (La planète sauvage, 1973) establishes its theme in its very first moments. A mother is clutching her baby son to her chest, running for her life from something. She suddenly encounters a giant blue finger, which pushes her back. Then it flicks her away, sending her rolling like in a game of marbles. This continues until the blue hand lifts her off the ground and away from her son, then abruptly lets her drop to her death. A cut to a wide shot reveals the actual scope – and scale – of the situation. Three towering alien children, Draags, are bent over the mother and her child, studying them. It was just a game of marbles – to them, anyway. “She stopped moving,” says one of the children. “Now we can’t play with her anymore.” Along comes Master Sinh, leader of the Draag council, and his daughter Tiwa. She adopts the little child – an Om – for her own. To the Draags, on this planet called Ygam, the Oms (pronounced in the film’s French as hommes: men) are vermin, and only cute playthings at best. The Om boy, whom Tiwa names Terr for the planet where the Oms originated (Terra/Earth) is raised as a “tame Om,” dressed in ridiculous costumes and given a controlling necklace which keeps him near. But she makes the fateful decision to educate Terr through a knowledge “headphone,” and when Terr finally escapes one day, headphone in tow, he shares his expansive learning with the tribe of “wild Oms” that live beneath the Big Tree. Knowledge sparks an uprising, as well as a plot to escape to the mysterious neighboring planet which they only call La planète sauvage.

Tiwa lets her pet Om, Terr, wander into a dangerous landscape of spontaneously erupting crystals.

Tiwa lets her pet Om, Terr, wander into a dangerous landscape of spontaneously erupting crystals.

Based on the 1957 novel Oms en série by Stefan Wul, Fantastic Planet is a Czech co-production directed by French animator René Laloux, who would go on to two more feature-length, science fiction animated films, Time Masters (Les Maîtres du temps, 1982) and Gandahar (1988), which together form a loose trilogy. It’s a unique body of work, certainly in non-Japanese animation: adult, psychedelic, intellectual, occasionally coldly erotic, influenced by European comic books and SF paperbacks. All three films have whimsical interludes pondering xenobiology and xenobotany, which Laloux uses as an excuse to demonstrate a sauvage imagination reminiscent of Lewis Carroll. In Fantastic Planet, he frequently pans across the flat landscape of Ygam like some alien transmission of Mutual of Omaha’s Wild Kingdom. We see a turnip-like creature suspended in its own cage, throttling winged animals with its tentacled snout and scattering them about its feet, cackling sadistically. A desert of intestine-like shapes curl suddenly upward when moistened by rain, threatening the Oms that are passing through. A bat-winged anteater lands upon an Om dwelling and draws the Oms out with its long tongue. Feral creatures with snapping jaws are strapped to the Oms’ bodies for a duel to the death. And in the city of the Draags, the blue giants practice mysterious rituals such as Imagination, in which their bodies transform in unison as their minds psychically meld, or Meditation, where they astral-project themselves into floating spheres that hover over their bodies, and sometimes drift out of an egg-shaped temple and through the atmosphere like soap bubbles.

The Draags attempt a "De-Om," gassing the Om dwellings and led by Oms with gas masks to track them.

The Draags deploy gas in an attempt a “De-Om,” led to the Om dwellings by tame Oms in gas masks.

When Tiwa lets Terr first wander into the wild, he becomes snagged in spontaneously-forming crystals. As part of his ongoing education, she teaches him that whistling can make them shatter. He tentatively begins whistling the main theme to Fantastic Planet, shattering crystals left and right. The music, by Alain Goraguer (formerly associated with the 60’s French pop scene), is a psych/prog classic, and still finds its way into print on CD or vinyl every few years. It helps that the film is an enduring piece of cult cinema, indelible with its original visual style. Laloux’s Czech animators use cut-out animation – smoother than Terry Gilliam’s, but not far off – which looks like colored pencil drawings from an artist’s sketchbook. The designs are by Roland Topor, a cartoonist and author who was part of the notorious Panic movement with Alejandro Jodorowsky and Fernando Arrabal. (Topor’s illustrations are seen in the opening credits of Arrabal’s Viva La Muerte, 1971.) He also wrote the novel that was adapted into Roman Polanski’s The Tenant (1976), and played the Renfield character – an inspired bit of casting – in Werner Herzog’s Nosferatu (1979). Laloux makes the most of Topor’s drawings, with trees that lash like whips, a Draag vacuum cleaner that brutally sucks up the Oms as part of an extermination effort, and a climactic visit to the “savage” planet where giant, nude, headless statues join with the Meditation spheres and dance together in a mating ritual between the Draags and out-of-body visitors from some other distant world.

The skeleton of a flying anteater which threatened the Om tribe.

The skeleton of a flying anteater which threatened the Om tribe.

For all its strangeness (and exposed, PG-defying female nipples), this is a film that will not die. After the film won the Grand Prix at Cannes in 1973, Roger Corman’s New World Pictures distributed a dubbed version, which became a video store staple through the 80’s; as a youngster, I rented it to general bafflement. (Still, when I saw the imported and edited version of Laloux’s Gandahar, now called Light Years, I could intuit they were from the same director, pre-IMDB. I strongly disliked Light Years until I finally saw the original French version much later, and came around.) The film is frequently screened, occasionally with live music accompaniment, or otherwise appropriated by adventurous artists who saw the film at a critical moment and have been bemused, stirred, or inspired. But watching the film again, I am struck that it has its own rhythm – brutal and childlike, meditative and raw, a series of contradictions spread across 70 minutes. The only films to which it can be compared are those directed by René Laloux. Perhaps he came floating to us in a sphere from some other world, temporarily parting with his dancing statue.

Fantastic Planet

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Blade Runner (1982)

Blade Runner

Blade Runner (1982) is a difficult film for me to see with new eyes. I need squishy new Replicant eyes designed by Hannibal Chew. On the big screen I’ve watched the theatrical edition (with a college homecoming ball blasting music loudly through the thin walls of the repertory theater), the 1992 Director’s Cut (at the appropriately baroque Oriental Theater in Milwaukee, which looks a bit like the Bradbury in the film), the Workprint (at Seattle’s Neptune Theater circa 1999), and the recent Final Cut, in Chicago. Like so many people, it was Blade Runner that introduced me to Philip K. Dick, an obsession that led to tracking down as many of his novels as I could – no easy feat in the 90’s, when he was mostly out of print. In high school I wrote and illustrated my own Choose Your Own Adventure-style Blade Runner book for my friends to play. I played the computer game, bought the soundtrack and the letterboxed VHS tape (back when letterboxing was something special, and a word people used), was wowed by the revelation of the Director’s Cut (how a single shot of a unicorn could act like a decoder ring), and when I saw the Workprint, got absurdly enthusiastic over a few seconds of dancing women in hockey masks, because it was new and therefore awesome. The 2007 Blu-Ray release and all its extras may be taken for granted in years to come as the content is appropriated onto new, likely digital platforms, but for longtime fans like me it was an embarrassment of riches, containing all the versions of the film (including the International Cut), a three-and-a-half hour documentary, and more new footage than I’d ever hoped to see. You keep turning Blade Runner incrementally and more facets reveal themselves. Ridley Scott created a three-dimensional world littered with minutia, borne out by the new footage that showed just how much of Los Angeles 2019 there was to explore. (Yes, 2019. We still have four years to get Spinner cars zipping past towering Enjoy Coca-Cola vidscreens. Don’t worry, it will happen.) So it’s possible to see all this with new eyes. Scott did all the work he needed to make a film that holds up to as many viewings as you can throw at it.

Los Angeles 2019, as designed by futurist Syd Mead.

Los Angeles 2019, as designed by futurist Syd Mead.

It helps that the film is so unique, by which I mean it is deeply eccentric and sometimes deliberately off-putting. Scott wants to immerse you in a future that is overwhelming, so you feel like a time traveler adjusting to a new language (shades of A Clockwork Orange), finding the familiar – 20th century name brands like Coke, Pan Am, Atari; fashions harkening to the 1930’s and 40’s; the conventions of a police detective thriller – in a jarringly new context, a bit New Wave, a bit punk, a bit of the French Metal Hurlant comics, a bit Philip K. Dick. (It should be noted that beneath all these layers of inspiration, the film only bears a passing resemblance to the source novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, PKD in a palimpsest.) Okay, new eyes: the opening credits, have you noticed how bland they are? Deliberately. The font is not “futuristic” (the iconic font style used in the poster art, which I recently saw appropriated into an ad for an auto body repair shop of all things, appears nowhere in the film). You might be watching any drama or thriller from the early 80’s. But the music, by Vangelis (Chariots of Fire), sounds like whalesong and thunder. Immediately your brain reels from the disconnect: where am I exactly and what’s in store? Explanatory text finally rolls up the screen while the score dissolves into atonal electronic sounds. The premise is explained, the only example of hand-holding you’ll get in this film. That is, unless you’re watching the theatrical cut with its overkill of narration, and which still has its fans; and that’s fine, but to me this is a film about isolation, and the more isolated you are as a viewer, the better. Here comes the cynical line at the end of our text: “This was not called execution. It was called retirement.” Immediately the emphasis is placed on one of the film’s main themes: the businesslike dehumanization of the Replicants. Then – BAM. These deliberately subdued titles explode into sensory overload. We’re in Los Angeles 2019, and there is no ground beneath our feet. We’re soaring through rusty skies in a world that looks like Hell, towering flames belching up from smog and smoke, while flying cars zip past. We cut to an extreme close-up of an eye, free of context, but reflecting that landscape. This isn’t Star Wars, and from here on out, there will be no hand-holding. Draw your own map, find your own meaning.

Morgan Paull as Holden, a Blade Runner.

Morgan Paull as Holden, a Blade Runner.

Scott uses this technique a few minutes later, cutting abruptly to his special effect-laden miniatures and thrusting you deeper into future Los Angeles. But this time his cut comes after the murder of Blade Runner Holden (Morgan Paull, Fade to Black) by Replicant Leon (Brion James, 48 Hrs.) – it happens so quickly that I should say it happens during Holden’s murder, while audiences are still jumping out of their seat. All this is considerably muted to me now through familiarity, but I have to remind myself that when I first saw Blade Runner, it was an almost unbearably intense experience. I dreaded the moments of violence; Scott was coming off Alien (1979) and this film is most certainly a companion piece, taking place in a similarly nightmarish and brutal futuristic world. Going back to Holden – I always notice how much Morgan Paull’s performance seems modeled on Harrison Ford’s, but this time I make the conscious decision to not let that go. What’s really going on with this casting, and the way Paull is directed to act? They have a similar delivery, sneer of sarcasm, and a way of leaning back and studying their subject, withholding their opinions. Of course, they’re both Blade Runners, and they’re jaded. Assuming that Ford’s Rick Deckard is a Replicant (and – I know – some of you resist this), what if Holden is one too? They even look uncannily alike, as though Paull is acting as Ford’s stand-in. Were they grown from the same DNA, only slight variations allowed so they can fool themselves into thinking they’re human? I’m sure others have conjectured this, right?

Rachel (Sean Young), a Nexus-6 Replicant coming to grips with her identity.

Rachel (Sean Young), a Nexus-6 Replicant coming to grips with her identity.

I write in my notebook ATMOSPHERE, in capital letters and underlined. This is a film of atmosphere and detail, and the reason I keep coming back to it, apart from its mysteries, is the rainy, noirish, gorgeously lit everything of this landscape. Upon the film’s release, many critics held that against the film: yes, it’s pretty and the special effects are good, but it has no soul, no likable characters – or variations to that effect. Critics treated it as though it were one of the Replicants: you are a pretty simulacrum, but you are not a living thing. Those critics are always nagging at me, their voices echoing out of the past whenever I watch the film. I don’t believe them, but I can still hear them. Yet couldn’t that complaint be a positive read of the film too? When Sean Young stares out of the shadows, her pupils lit with a faint amber glow that we see, at various points, in almost all the Replicants, Scott is empathizing with that gaze. Again, this is meant to be an isolating film. That’s a valid technique, Nagging Critic Voices in My Head From 1982; not everything with Harrison Ford must be The Empire Strikes Back. For the Replicants led by Roy Batty (Rutger Hauer, being effortlessly extraordinary in every moment), the real “Off World” is Los Angeles. Like “standard pleasure model” Pris (Darryl Hannah, Splash) sleeping in the rubbish and wandering the streets dressed like a punk hooker, the Replicants are dangerous but they’re also frightened and alone. They know they’re going to die, and despite Batty’s scheme to extend their lifespan, ultimately there’s nothing he can do to stop it. Scott has to get that desperate and lonely feeling across in every shot, and if the film makes you uncomfortable, it happens to be succeeding. Of course, their struggle is also the human one, as explicitly stated in the film. Both science fiction and fantasy, at their best, engage with familiar human struggles by recasting them into new concepts. It is a genre of ideas, but the ideas should be tied to the human, and even in Blade Runner, a film seen through the Replicant eyes designed by Hannibal Chew (James Hong, Big Trouble in Little China), the stakes are ours, because the film is asking what really separates us from these androids. Wait, here’s another criticism which I just read on a message board. Blade Runner is “boring.” I have no time for you, go away.

Syd Mead concept art.

Syd Mead concept art.

Looking back on my notes from last night, what else have I got? “VID PHON.” All right, that’s not an idea, that’s just me writing down that the phones are called “VID PHON.” “Tyrell Corp – shimmering golden light.” Oh yeah. First of all, I always love that shimmering golden light in the offices of Nexus-6 designer Eldon Tyrell (Joe Turkel, The Shining), which makes it look like they’re in a golden aquarium. But when he touches a button and the windows begin to automatically tint, crawling down like shades, this time I noticed that all that was left was a single blue shaft of horizontal light: what most of the film looks like. Shafts of light are Scott’s trademark, of course, just as much as J.J. Abrams is often accused of violation of some unwritten lens flare rule. Their use in Blade Runner seems especially apt because the film consciously evokes film noir, and is often the first film mentioned when people write of neo-noir. Young, with her hair done up like a 40’s femme fatale, often stands at a pose with one hand on her hip while the trenchcoated Ford regards her with skepticism; this is the stuff of Raymond Chandler. But Young, with her slender limbs and sharp angles, also looks like a doll – like one of those toys piled up in the apartment of J.F. Sebastian (ubiquitous character actor William Sanderson). Let’s see, back to the notebook: “Rachel’s glowing eyes through the smoke.” Yep, got that, and have seen it many times before. “Never properly explain animals.” No, that’s not true; I mean, sure, it’s a much larger part of Dick’s novel, but the scarcity of animals is mentioned now and then in the film. Hm, that was the last note I wrote. I guess I just got lost in the film after that, and watched it until the ending credits were over. No “new eyes” at that point, just enjoying the film all the way to tears-in-the-rain. Damn the god of biomechanics. Maybe on my next visit to L.A. 11/19.

Jim Steranko art for the Marvel Comics adaptation.

Jim Steranko art for the Marvel Comics adaptation.

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